IUCAA Brochure 2024

brightness changes from jets on timescales from minutes to years. The observational findings are also supplementedwith theoretical modeling to interpret the results. Consistent efforts are ongoing at IUCAA to understand the impact of the relativistic jets on their host galaxy’s environment. Recently, high resolution simulations have been performed to study how such galactic scale jets affect the densemulti-phase gas in galaxies and several observable signatures of such interactions have been predicted. This effort has spawned a few campaigns by international researchers to search for such signatures in observed results. In one such case, strong signatures of the central jet driving shocks into a galactic scale molecular disc was actually found using the ALMA telescope. Using newly developed tools to model observable motions of shocked gas from simulations, IUCAA researchers found the observed results to provide a very good qualitative match with the predictions from the simulations. A key highlight of this predictive work indicates that the jets, though appearing narrow and collimated in radio observations, can have a wide-spread galactic scale effect, inducing shocks and turbulence in the dense gas structures both along and perpendicular to their direction. Such interactions may distort the standard gas flow patterns found in such rotating discs and are also expected to impact the star formation rate in the long term.